2024 Aluminum Alloy

The following specifications cover 2024 Aluminum:

  • AMS 4037
  • AMS 4120
  • AMS 4192
  • AMS 7223
  • ASTM B209
  • ASTM B210
  • ASTM B211
  • ASTM B221
  • ASTM B241 (Pipe- Seamless)
  • ASTM B316
  • ASTM F467 (Nuts)
  • ASTM F468 (Nuts)
  • DIN 3.1355
  • MIL B-6812
  • MIL T-15089
  • MIL T-50777
  • QQ A-200/3
  • QQ A-225/6
  • QQ A-250/4
  • QQ A-430
  • QQ WW-T-700/3
  • SAE J454

Property Results

S

Aluminum Balance
Chromium 0.1 max
Copper 3.8 – 4.9
Iron 0.5 max
Magnesium 1.2 – 1.8
Manganese 0.3 – 0.9
Remainder Each 0.05 max
Remainder Total 0.15 max
Silicon 0.5 max
Zinc 0.25 max
Principal Design Features An age hardening, high strength aluminum alloy. Useful for optimum strength to weight ratio structures.
Applications Commonly used in the manufacture of truck wheels, aircraft structures, and screw machine products, scientific instruments, veterinary and orthopedic braces and equipment, and in rivets.
Machinability The machining characteristics of AL 2024 are fair in the heat treated condition, which is the condition in which most machining is done. Machinability in the annealed condition is good. Use of oil lubricants is recommended for all machining operations.
Forming The alloy may be formed by conventional methods, except that hot forming should be avoided – see “Hot Working”.
Welding Welding may be done by use of resistance welding or inert gas consumable electrode arc method. However it must be noted that, in general, welding by any means is NOT recommended for this alloy because of the degradation of corrosion resistance that occurs as a result of weld heat. A repeat heat treatment should be done if welded.
Heat Treatment This is an age-hardening alloy and responds to heat treatment to accomplish the strengthening (aging). See “Annealing” and ” Aging”. The T4 condition is attained by a 920 F heating followed by cold water quench and aging at room temperature. T6 by the same 920 F and quench followed by 375 F for 10 hours and air cooling.
Hot Working Hot forming should be avoided if possible because of the harmful effect of heating upon corrosion resistance. If, for example, T4 condition is hot worked it is the necessary to age the part to the T6 condition to restore corrosion resistance.
Forging The alloy may be forged. However subsequent heat treatment is necessary in order to retain reasonable corrosion resistance.
Cold Working Cold working of this alloy is readily done by conventional methods. Ductility In the annealed condition is best and bend radii of 1/2 to 1 times thickness are possible for sheet 1/4 ” thick, or thinner. For T3 or T4 conditions bend radii of 5 to 6 times thickness are required.
Annealing Annealing is done at 750 to 800 F for at least 2 hours at temperature, followed by slow cooling in the furnace. This will anneal the alloy from a heat treated condition. Annealing between cold work operations may be done at 650 F for 2 hours, followed by air cooling.
Aging The T4 condition is attained by a 920 F heating and cold water quench. Aging then occurs at room temperature. For T6 condition use the same 920 F and water quench procedure then reheat to 375 F for 10 hours and air cool. Other conditions are a result of the T4 condition followed by controlled amounts of cold working.
Tempering Not applicable to this alloy.
Hardening Hardening, or strengthening, occurs from a solution anneal and aging at room temperature or varying amounts of cold working.
Other Physical Props Electrical conductivity is 35% that of copper.
Other Mechanical Props Shear strength in the annealed condition is 18 ksi. For T3 and T4 condition it is much stronger, 41 ksi.
Density (lb / cu. in.) 0.1
Specific Gravity 2.78
Melting Point (Deg F) 950
Modulus of Elasticity Tension 10.6
Modulus of Elasticity Torsion 4
Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature -320
Tensile Strength 84
Yield Strength 61
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature -112
Tensile Strength 71
Yield Strength 49
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature -18
Tensile Strength 69
Yield Strength 47
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 75
Tensile Strength 68
Yield Strength 47
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 212
Tensile Strength 63
Yield Strength 45
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 300
Tensile Strength 45
Yield Strength 36
Elongation 17

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 400
Tensile Strength 26
Yield Strength 19
Elongation 27

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 500
Tensile Strength 11
Yield Strength 9
Elongation 55

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 600
Tensile Strength 7.5
Yield Strength 6
Elongation 75

 

Form Plate
Condition T351
Temperature 700
Tensile Strength 5
Yield Strength 4
Elongation 100

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature -320
Tensile Strength 84
Yield Strength 61
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature -112
Tensile Strength 71
Yield Strength 49
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature -18
Tensile Strength 69
Yield Strength 47
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 75
Tensile Strength 68
Yield Strength 47
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 212
Tensile Strength 63
Yield Strength 45
Elongation 19

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 300
Tensile Strength 45
Yield Strength 36
Elongation 17

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 400
Tensile Strength 26
Yield Strength 19
Elongation 27

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 500
Tensile Strength 11
Yield Strength 9
Elongation 55

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 600
Tensile Strength 7.5
Yield Strength 6
Elongation 75

 

Form Plate
Condition T4
Temperature 700
Tensile Strength 5
Yield Strength 4
Elongation 100

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature -320
Tensile Strength 85
Yield Strength 62
Elongation 18

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature -112
Tensile Strength 73
Yield Strength 52
Elongation 17

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature -18
Tensile Strength 72
Yield Strength 51
Elongation 17

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 75
Tensile Strength 70
Yield Strength 50
Elongation 17

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 212
Tensile Strength 66
Yield Strength 48
Elongation 16

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 300
Tensile Strength 55
Yield Strength 45
Elongation 11

 

Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 400
Tensile Strength 27
Yield Strength 20
Elongation 23
Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 500
Tensile Strength 11
Yield Strength 9
Elongation 55
Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 600
Tensile Strength 7.5
Yield Strength 6
Elongation 75
Form Sheet
Condition T3
Temperature 700
Tensile Strength 5
Yield Strength 4
Elongation 100